Install DHCP server on Debian

Before starting to install, let's remember some basic but important concepts.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

It is a client/server type protocol in which a server generally has a list of dynamic IP addresses and assigns them to clients as they become free, knowing at all times who has been in possession of that IP, how long they have had it and to whom it has been assigned afterwards.

LISTEN BY THE PORT: 68 UDP
TRABSNUTE THROUGH THE PORT: 67 UDP

What is a DHCP Relay Agent: It is a software that relays messages DHCP and BOOTP between clients and servers on different subnets.

How the Relay Agent works

1º DHCPDISCOVER: It is a request that a machine makes when it turns on. (just by pressing the power button on the device you can do it)

2º DHCPOFFER: It is the connection that the DHCP server gives to the PC.

3º DHCPREQUEST: The client requests the connection.

4º DHCPACK or NOT ACK: That is, it gives you the assignment or It does not give you the assignment.

MAP:

There is no defined limit to the number of records that a DHCP server can store. The size of the database depends on the number of DHCP clients on the network. The DHCP database grows over time as clients start and end sessions on the network

This method is based on defining a pool of IP addresses for DHCP clients (also called IP address pool) that supply their configuration properties dynamically as requested by client computers. When a DHCP client is no longer on the network for a certain period, the configuration expires and the poll's IP address is released for use by other DHCP clients.

This method is based on using the DHCP protocol to identify the unique hardware address of each network card connected to the network and then assigning a constant configuration as well as the same IP address each time the client's DHCP configuration makes a request to the DHCP server from the same network device.

Before starting to install the DHCP server, you might be interested in seeing how install DNS server

In a console we execute:

rokitoh@redorbita:~# apt-get install dhcp3-server

Before starting we will make a backup of the configuration file… just in case

rokitoh@redorbita:~# cp /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf.back

rokitoh@redorbita:~# nano /etc/dhcp2/dhcp.confg

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;

option routers 192.168.1.1;

option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.233;

option domain-name “redorbita.com”;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.200;

}

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;

option routers 192.168.1.1;

option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.233;

option domain-name “redorbita.com”;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.200;

}
host oracle{ hardware ethernet 00:03:47:31:e1:7f; fixed-address 192.168.1.20; } host printer { hardware ethernet 00:03:47:31:e1:b0; fixed-address 192.168.1.21; }

rokitoh@redorbita:~# /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart Starting DHCP server: dhcp3

rokitoh@redorbita:~# nano /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
iface lo inet loopback

We save and exit the file

We configure the /etc/resolv.conf file

rokitoh@redorbita:~# gedit /etc/resolv.conf

and we add the domain name and ip:

domain redorbita.com
nameserver 192.168.1.233

We restart

rokitoh@redorbita:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart

rokitoh@redorbita:~# tail -n 15 /var/lib/dhcp3/dhclient.*.leases

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